Tag Archives: #mentalhealthawareness

TYPES OF ANXIETY DISORDERS(PART THREE) 


 
❎ SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDERS (SAD)
 
It is also called social phobia. It is a type of mental health condition that causes fear or anxiety when in a social situation.
 
When a person has a social anxiety disorder, they have a hard time mixing freely with people.
 
They find it hard to talk with people they don’t know, and they also avoid going to any public gatherings.
 
There is a difference between being shy and having social anxiety disorders.
 
When you are shy, it is a temporary feeling that will go away after the event you are scared of is done.
 
The feeling is like a butterfly in your belly. But SAD affects everyday activity.
 
It is normal to be anxious during social situations, like when you have a presentation at school or work.
 
But this feeling should go away after you start the presentation or when you finish. It shouldn’t hinder your activity afterwards.
 
Social anxiety disorder is known to start in the teenage years.
 
For some people, as they grow older, their social anxiety gets better, but for some, they need medications and other therapy to get better.
 
Before you can claim to have SAD, you must understand the distinction between it and shyness.
 
Symptoms of Social Anxiety Disorders
 
A. Physical Symptoms:These are the symptoms that are visible to the eyes, and they include:

 • Blushing

• Trembling

• Sweating

• Pounding heartbeat

• Nausea

• Upset stomach

• Shortness of breath

• Muscle tension

B. Behavioral Symptoms: These include:

 • You have a fear that you are going to embarrass yourself.

• Having an intense fear of interacting with strangers.

• Avoid situations where you might be judged negatively.

• Avoid speaking with people.

• Avoid situations that might make you the centre of attention.

The causes of social anxiety disorders have been known to be a combination of both environmental and biological factors. These include;

• Brain Structure: A structure in the brain is linked to the causes of SAD and it is called the Amygdala. This helps us control our fear.
 
When this part of the brain is highly active, it causes an increase in the sense of fear, which can lead to an increase in anxiety.
 
• Family history of SAD

• Environmental factors, e.g., an embarrassing situation.

 
Take a step today to improve your mental health.
 
Paulo Coelho once said ”Although anxiety is a normal part of life, you should never allow it to control you”
 
Be positive.
 
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TYPES OF ANXIETY DISORDERS(PART TWO)


❎ PANIC DISORDERS
 
Panic disorders occur when you experience frequent, unexpected panic attacks.
 
Panic attacks are defined as sudden feelings of intense fear that trigger a severe physical reaction when there is no sign of danger.
 
Some people have panic attacks when they undergo a stressful event. This is normal as long as it does not happen often and there is also a known cause for the panic.
 
But it becomes a disorder when it happens recurrently.
 
Some major symptoms of panic attacks are:
 
• Rapid heart pounding 

• Nausea

• Abdominal cramping

• Chest pain

• Sweating

• Trembling

• Shortness of breath

• Dry mouth

The exact cause of panic disorder, like other mental health conditions, is unknown.
 
But some reasons have been linked to the causes of panic disorders. They include;
 
• Chemical imbalance in the brain.

• Having a family member with panic disorder.

• Traumatic life experiences.

 
Panic disorder is common in children, especially teenagers.
 
And according to research, it is known to be severe in children because it can slow down their learning process and also their development.
 
❎ POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDERS
(PTSD)
 
It is also known as “shell shock.” It is a mental health condition that occurs when someone has experienced a traumatic event.
 
Such events could be sexual violence, domestic violence, or the loss of loved ones, etc.
 
A person with PTSD remembers such traumatic experiences as flashbacks or nightmares.
 
Some major symptoms can help diagnose PTSD. These symptoms include
 
• Avoidance: PTSD patients try to avoid any situation that can trigger the memory of the traumatic event.
 
Such people are plagued by negative thoughts and find it difficult to recall the entire traumatic event.

• Intrusive thoughts: they keep having flashbacks that look like the event is happening all over again.
 
• Change in arousal: such a person gets easily startled and scared. The person finds it hard to concentrate and sleep.
 
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TYPES OF ANXIETY DISORDERS(PART ONE) 


There are mainly six types of anxiety disorders. They include;
 
A. Generalised Anxiety Disorders(GAD)

B. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
(OCD)
 
C. Panic Disorders

D. Post-traumatic Stress Disorders
(PTSD) 

E. Phobias

F. Medicated-induced anxiety disorders

 
❎ GENERALISED ANXIETY DISORDERS
 
It is abbreviated to GAD. A person is said to have GAD when they frequently worry excessively over different things.
 
Such a person excessively worries about wealth, health, work, and family.
 
To diagnose someone with GAD means the person has difficulty controlling worry almost every day, which means it has to last for over six months.
 
Such a person should be known to have three or more symptoms of anxiety.
 
Note that GAD has no known causes. But some factors play a huge role. Factors like biological factors, family background, and life experience.
 
❎ OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDERS
 
It is abbreviated to OCD. It is a mental condition that causes an urge to do things repeatedly in an unhealthy manner. This term is “compulsion.”
 
OCD can also be defined as a mental illness that causes repeated unwanted thoughts or sensations. This term is called “obsession.”
 
There is a difference between obsession and compulsion, but there are some people with OCD that have both.
 
Obsessions are major thoughts and examples of such thoughts are:
 
• Frequently observing your breathing,
 
• Frequently noticing how your heart beats
 
Compulsion is about doing something repeatedly in an unhealthy manner.
 
Some examples of these compulsive habits are:
 
• Needing to count and check things over and over again,
 
• Needing to arrange things in a certain manner repeatedly
 
• Fear of touching things that are dirty
 
• Cleaning aggressively over and over again.
 
People with OCD do not do these things because they enjoy them; they do these things because they can’t stop.
 
If they choose to stop, they feel sad or can be anxious.
 
As a human, it is okay to do things repeatedly. It becomes an obsession or compulsion when it is done in an unhealthy manner.
 
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CAUSES OF ANXIETY DISORDERS

CAUSES OF ANXIETY DISORDERS

There are lots of causes of anxiety disorders. The main point is that People with anxiety disorders have something that has occurred in their lives that has caused them to have such conditions.
 

❎ Environmental factors:

These problems are mostly things that occur around people. The way people are brought up impacts their mental health.
 
Examples of such factors are family problems, work problems, relationship issues, and difficulty at school.
 

❎ Genetics:

There are researches that  has shown that when a person who has an anxiety disorder is in a family, there is a chance that someone in their family might experience one.
 
❎ Medical Factors:

There are times when diseases or other health conditions can cause anxiety.
 
Anxiety comes as a symptom of a disease or as a side effect of drugs being taken for medication.
 
Some health conditions that can trigger anxiety are: brain tumours, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, myasthenia gravis, Lyme disease, etc.
 
Asthma medications, thyroid medications, seizure medications, Parkinson’s medications, and other medications can all cause anxiety.
 
When you are taking medications, you should make sure that you are taking note of changes in your body.

❎ Brain Chemistry:

Psychologists define many anxiety disorders as the presence of defective hormones and electrical signals in the brain.
 
There are neurotransmitters in our brains that affect our bodies and mental functions.
 
Research has shown that when these neurotransmitters undergo misalignment, it affects mood and is also linked to anxiety disorders.
 
Examples of these neurotransmitters are serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) 
 

❎ Withdrawal from an illegal substance

Examples of such substances are alcohol, cocaine, methamphetamine, marijuana, etc.
 
Taking the drugs at the beginning seems good, and people who take them believe that they can stop.
 
They can’t live without it after taking it for so long.
 
And if these substances are stopped, the person begins to experience withdrawal symptoms in which various types of anxiety disorders are part of the symptoms they will experience.
 
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COMMON SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF ANXIETY AND ANXIETY DISORDERS



It is normal to feel anxious. But it becomes a disorder when it happens often or for a long period.

There are types of anxiety disorders which have different diagnoses.

Examples of these disorders are generalised anxiety disorders, social phobias, specific phobias, etc.

All types of anxiety disorders will be explained.

But there are common signs that indicate that a person is anxious. These includes:

❎ Worrying excessively:

It is a feeling that something bad or dangerous is about to happen.

It is normal to have a feeling of fear when you are facing a problem.

But, it becomes a problem when you get anxious too often about the future you know nothing about.

❎ Breathing Rapidly:

It is also called hyperventilation. It can be so severe that the person can have trouble breathing and might need assistance.

❎ Having trouble sleeping:

It is normal to have trouble sleeping when someone is worried about something.

But persistent worry, which affects sleep often, is not normal.

❎ Experiencing gastrointestinal
disturbance:

The body releases hormones and chemicals.

These chemicals can enter the digestive tract and disrupt the gut flora( bacteria in our stomach), which can result in a chemical imbalance that leads to diarrhoea.

❎ Having trouble concentrating:

This occurs because the person only concentrates on the problem they are facing. The person does not take note of other important situations around them.

❎ Having an increased heart rate:

This can also be called palpitations. When a person is anxious, their flight or fight response kicks in, and it leads to an increased heart rate.

It is normal to have an increased heart rate when you are anxious about a situation.

But if it happens often or for a long period, it needs serious attention.

❎ Trembling:

The person’s muscles become tense resulting in the person shaking. This occurs when a person perceives a threat.

❎ Sweating.

❎ Fatigue.


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